17. If a system needed to be modified substantially, who would perform the work, how much would it cost, and how long would it take?

The building-controls industry has changed dramatically over the past few years, moving away from the concept of “one riot, one ranger” to a “greater segregation of skill sets,” Schultz of TAC-Americas said.

“The individual commissioning the hardware and basic logic most likely will no longer be the individual who sets up the front end, graphics, Web access, etc.,” Schultz said. “As a result, a change to the physical plant now will generate work for several individuals.”

Generally, however, the installing contractor would perform a substantial modification to a WACS, Haakenstad of Alerton Technologies said. How much that would cost and how long it would take depends on the system and the scope of the changes, several respondents said.

18. Does a WACS replace conventional workstation software, and can one back out of a WACS if he does not like it?

To the question of whether WACS replace conventional workstation software, responses varied greatly.

Web access only expands the reach of a conventional workstation--it does not replace it, Schultz of TAC-Americas said.

“Web access does not provide all the functionality a facility operator requires to fully operate the BMS,” Schultz explained. “... The editing function most likely will remain at the operator station.”

Rae of Delta Controls agreed that a WACS is not a replacement for conventional workstation software, saying, “Conventional software typically is faster and loaded with a lot more features than the WACS software.” Ehrlich of Trane said that even with a WACS, workstation software is “needed to set up, program, and troubleshoot a system.”

Osburn of Siemens said that whether a WACS replaces conventional workstation software depends on the user.

“For those users (who) only need to do basic monitoring, the WACS is fine,” Osburn said. “For more-advanced users and those (who) do system configuration/engineering, (the answer is) no.”

Engineer Billedeaux said the deciding factor is the vendor chosen.

“In the installation I am specifying, there will be no operator terminal,” Billedeaux said. “The local operators will use laptop computers to log into the network and use Web browsers to view data. There will be much vendor equipment, and that normally would require five or six client software packages. Using a WACS server eliminates this need.”

Tom of Automated Logic said only a “true” WACS can replace conventional workstation software. Jeff Bredeson, group manager of product marketing for North America for Invensys Building Systems, and Steve Ziejewski, a product manager for the Liebert Monitoring Group, agreed, although Ziejewski said he “can envision where the local system is ‘out-of-band’ and not reliant on the network architecture to operate and where the WAC software resides at a higher or separate level.”

Nations of Johnson Controls said the question cannot even be considered in a general sense, as, “The answer depends on the functional requirements of the BAS, the needs of those who use it, how the use varies from individual to individual, and the manufacturer of the system.”

As to the question of whether a WACS can be backed out of, the respondents were in agreement that it can. Although Schultz and Rae maintained that backing out of a WACS can be done easily, Tom said the degree of difficulty depends on what was installed previously. If the WACS is fully compatible with the previous generation of field hardware, backing out of the WACS could be as simple as downloading the original software into the field controllers and reinstalling the conventional workstation software, Tom said. But if vendors were changed and field hardware was replaced as part of the WACS, it would be more difficult to back out of the WACS, Tom added.

19. Other than office and portable computers using Internet connections and browsers, what mobile devices can access WACS?

“Any device that can access the Web can potentially provide a WACS interface,” Tom of Automated Logic said. “Cell phones, palm computers, two-way pagers, Web Pads, Web TV--the list is long already and is growing longer every day.”

One of the most exciting things about WACS is that they are bringing building automation systems into the mainstream of Web technology, Tom said.

“Gadgets that Silicon Valley is developing today to help stockbrokers track their portfolio also will help building managers track their return fans,” Tom said.

What needs to be considered when applying WACS technology is the minimum level of functionality that will be needed by users accessing it via a Web-enabled device, Nations of Johnson Controls said.

“A cell-phone screen doesn’t present much data and can require a lot of finger work to do anything more than access a few points worth of data,” Nations said.

Still, Tom said, “The potential is unlimited.”

20. Where is the technology going, and what is on the near-term horizon of development?

“There is no question that remote access via Web technology will continue to be more prominent in BAS systems as time goes on,” Nations of Johnson Controls said. “Development organizations are working with the security issues and the ways to make it easier to apply this technology as it evolves. How far will it go? As far as the information industry takes it.”

“Opening up” the potential for remote access will be the continued development of wireless technology, Vandebroek of Carrier said. Increased “use of wireless hand-held/small devices,” Osburn of Siemens said, “will make access to your BAS anywhere (at) anytime a reality.”

Tom of Automated Logic said he foresees a day in the not-too-distant future when, “A technician on top of a ladder who has just replaced a VAV box will be able to flip open his cell phone, run the box through its paces to make certain it’s working correctly, and get directions for his next service call via the wireless Internet.”

Whether it is through wireless or wired links, Schultz of TAC-Americas said: “In a small number of years, all buildings will be connected to each other and some form of the Internet or a corporation’s intranets. ... This technology will signal the death of the dial-up modem, an out-of-date technology that most people will not be sad to leave behind.”

Nations said he foresees advanced application engines that interact without human intervention and make decisions that improve the operation of facilities.

“Consider the example where the operator is curious if his or her facility is performing at optimum levels of energy use,”Ó Nations said. “Rather than go through a rigorous analysis on his or her own, the operator would identify a remote application engine to the system. Communication between the two would be completely transparent to the operator. The remote engine would analyze the parameters of the facility, consumption patterns, etc. and recommend or automatically implement changes in operational sequences.”

Donlon and Kamal of Computrols said they see the building-automation industry going the way of Internet appliances.

“That is, TCP/IP connection to every single device in the building--not just the front-end computers,” Donlon and Kamal said. “... Standards such as BlueTooth, Universal Plug and Play, Jini, HomePNA, and others will drive Internet connectivity in the coming years. Internet-appliance technology will reach wide acceptance and become commonplace by 2005.”

Tom said: “The migration of building-automation functions onto the Web will make it possible to utilize other data from the Web to optimize building control. Want to use the weather forecast to decide when to precool a facility? That’s available from www.weather.com. Need to incorporate the current electrical rates into your chiller optimization? Chances are your local utility company already has this information on the Web or would be more than willing to place it there because it would benefit both of you to do some demand limiting. Want to hire an energy consultant in Maryland to optimize the operation of your facility in Fairbanks? Chances are it won’t even cost you a plane ticket. He can gather all the data he needs over the Web, and if you give him the authorization, he can implement his recommendations without ever donning a pair of mukluks. Is the fan belt on AHU-5 nearing the end of its service life? Your WACS can keep track of its service hours, use ODBC to coordinate with your material-inventory database, check the Websites of several pre-approved vendors to find the best price, order on-line, and have the new fan belt waiting when it spits out the maintenance order.

“When will these developments become commonplace?” Tom asked. “Some are available today. Some never may prove practical, but, in the meantime, several new developments we never even dreamed of will make your WACS an even better tool than it is today.”

Conclusions
It is important that designers, buyers, and specifiers not allow information tools and technologies to blur the requirements of a BAS, Nations of Johnson Controls said.

“If the BAS does a poor job of operating a complex central plant, whether it is because the system doesn’t have the necessary features from the factory, or it has not been applied properly, it won’t matter if the management is notified of poor performance via the most-advanced workstation, a Web appliance, or a piece of paper sent in the mail,” Nations said. “They’ll still be unhappy.”

It also is important to remember, Tom of Automated Logic said, that while the movement of building-automation systems to the Web will bring “remarkable changes” to the HVAC industry, some things will never change.

“Building managers already are harried, overworked, and swamped with information,” Tom said. "A conventional BAS already can provide most of them with more information than they have time to look at. A WACS that provides access to fire- and security-system data in addition to the sea of HVAC data will be of little benefit--even if they can access it over the Internet--unless it also filters the data, separates the nuggets from the chaff, and uses color, graphics, and an intuitive interface to present the data in a form that is easy to comprehend. ...

‘In short,” Tom concluded, “the technological features of WACS are astounding, but the most astounding capabilities in the world are useless if they don’t get used.”

Acceptable Use Policy blog comments powered by Disqus